Sarah Anzolar, MS, RD is a private practice dietitian who works as a freelance writer, recipe developer, food photographer, and brand consultant. She has a BA in Business Administration and a MS in Nutrition Communications.
Leah Ansell, MD, is a board-certified dermatologist and an assistant professor of dermatology at Columbia University.
Autumn has a diverse array of experiences in the food and wellness world. She spent three years working in food justice and sustainability for the Food Recovery Network and Bon Appetit Management Company before shifting to nutrition and yoga.
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Collagen is the most abundant protein in our body. Collagen provides structure for connective tissue, bone, skin, hair, and nails. Because of its role in skin elasticity, collagen has long been used in skincare products for wrinkle prevention.
Collagen has recently gained even more popularity for other possible benefits including, “hair and nail health, reduced joint pain, increased bone mineral density, and lean muscle mass. Collagen’s role in gut and heart health is also garnering attention,” says Jamie Adams, MS, RDN, LDN. However, we don’t actually need to consume collagen. “Our bodies make collagen using the building blocks zinc, vitamin C, copper, and amino acids. Eating a well balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and a variety of protein sources can supply your body with the building blocks to support collagen formation,” says Adams.
Collagen production naturally declines as we age, so some people turn to powders to boost production. Collagen from food and supplements can support collagen production and may improve bone density, skin elasticity and appearance, nail strength, and joint health. When choosing a collagen powder, consider type (different types offer different possible benefits), source (bovine, eggshell, fish, chicken), and other ingredients in the powder.
Always speak with a healthcare professional before adding a supplement to your routine to ensure that the supplement is appropriate for your individual needs and to understand which dosage to take.
The research on collagen supplements is still evolving, though some studies have shown promise for certain situations. It’s helpful to understand that “our bodies do not directly absorb collagen in powder form to be used immediately by our skin, bones, and joints. Rather, our bodies break collagen in powder form down into amino acids (the building blocks of collagen). These are then used by the body, along with zinc, vitamin C, and copper to re-synthesize collagen, which can then be used by the body,” says Adams.
Therefore, prioritize consuming enough protein and other nutrients that support collagen production. Collagen powders are often a good source of protein and provide the amino acids our bodies need to create collagen.
In general, human studies looking at the health and appearance benefits of collagen are small, short, and conducted in very specific groups of people (often older women). Larger and longer studies are needed to support recommending collagen powders for these benefits. It’s also important to note that there haven’t been any studies to support the use of collagen supplements for improving gut health.
There are 28 types of collagen, but the most common types are types I through IV, with type I making up almost 90 percent of the collagen found in our bodies.
Skin appearance. Some studies have shown that oral collagen—types I and III—improve skin appearance and elasticity. The benefits seem to be more pronounced in older women (usually post-menopausal) whose skin has sun damage. Other studies have shown that various forms—bovine (cow), porcine (pig), and marine (fish) may improve elasticity and reduce wrinkles.
Hair and Nail Strength. Results from small studies show that collagen supplements may improve brittle nails or increase nail growth. But other studies have shown no benefit. Since our hair is primarily made of keratin, and many of the amino acids found in keratin are also found in collagen, it’s plausible that consuming collagen could support hair growth. A small study supports this theory, where those who supplemented with oral collagen for 12 weeks had hair that appeared thicker and had less breakage.
Bone Density in Post-Menopausal Women. Most research on the benefits of collagen on bone density has been in animals, but one small study among post-menopausal women with decreased bone density did see a benefit to taking 5g of collagen peptides per day.
Those with Joint Pain. Collagen may reduce symptoms of osteoarthritis. It’s also been shown to reduce activity-related joint pain and improve joint movement.
Pregnant and breastfeeding people. “Currently, there is limited research on the safety of taking collagen powders during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. However, at the moment there are no known side effects of using collagen powder during pregnancy or while breastfeeding,” says Adams.
Protein needs are higher in the later stages of pregnancy and while breastfeeding, and new research suggests that breastfeeding people may need up to 1.7 grams of protein per kg of body weight, which is similar to the needs of serious athletes. Collagen powders may be a helpful way for some people to meet those higher needs.
If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, always consult with a healthcare provider before adding a supplement, and be sure to choose one that is third-party verified by a reputable source, so you know it doesn’t contain any potentially harmful ingredients.
Collagen powders are generally safe for most people and are well tolerated without side effects. However, there are certain people that may want to avoid collagen powders.
Vegans or vegetarians. Currently, the collagen powders on the market are made from animal or marine sources, so they are not appropriate for someone who avoids those foods.
People with certain food allergies. Many collagen powders contain either egg or fish, which would not be safe for someone with an allergy to either of those foods. In addition, not all are gluten-free or free from other ingredients like dairy and soy, so always read labels to verify a product is safe for you.
Not a good source of type II collagen for joint health
Vital Proteins Collagen Peptides is our top choice because it is approved by ConsumerLabs and is NSF certified for sport and gives you 18 grams of protein with no added sugar or artificial sweeteners. It’s not only a great option for adding collagen but also gives you a good dose of protein if you’re looking to up your intake. Importantly, it’s NSF Certified for Sport and ConsumerLab approved, so you can trust that it contains what the label says and has no other harmful ingredients or contaminants.
Vital Proteins Collagen Peptides contain types I and III collagen made from bovine hide, which is said to support skin, nail, and hair health. It contains 100% of your daily vitamin C needs, which can support collagen production, as well as hyaluronic acid, which may reduce wrinkles.
This product is also gluten-free, dairy-free, and certified Kosher.
Dose: 2 scoops 20g | Servings Per Container: 28 | Active Ingredients: Hydrolyzed collagen, hyaluronic acid, vitamin C, sodium | Gluten-free: Yes | Other Ingredients: None
Non-GMO, gluten-free, and no added sugar
Momentous Collagen Peptides is a good choice for both active people and competitive athletes. It’s NSF Certified for Sport, a rigorous third-party certification that ensures the supplement contains what the label says (with no hidden extras) and doesn’t contain any substances that are banned by sport. It’s also certified by Informed Sport, another third-party testing company that tests for over 250 substances banned by sport.
It contains 15g of protein from a mix of collagen peptides from grass-fed bovine and FORTIGEL collagen hydrolysate. FORTIGEL, a specific type of collagen peptide, has been shown to stimulate collagen production in tendons and reduce knee and joint pain in healthy athletes.
It has no added sugar, is gluten-free, and contains 50% of your daily vitamin C needs to support collagen production. It does contain a small amount of sodium, which may be helpful to replace some of the sodium lost in sweat.
Dose: 1 scoop 16.9g | Servings Per Container: 30 | Active Ingredients: Collagen peptides, FORTIGEL®, vitamin C, sodium | Gluten-free: Yes | Other Ingredients: None
Collagen is the only ingredient
For a simple collagen powder that doesn’t contain any extras, we recommend Besha Collagen Peptides. It’s made from a specific collagen peptide known as Verisol, which may help reduce wrinkles. One small study among middle-aged women showed that daily consumption of 2.5g of Verisol reduced eye wrinkles and increased elastin production.
However, with only 2.6g of protein per serving, Besha is not a good source of protein for those that rely on collagen powders to help them meet their daily protein needs.
Dose: 2.9g | Servings Per Container: 34 | Active Ingredients: Verisol® collagen peptides | Gluten-free: Yes | Other Ingredients: None
If you prefer a flavored powder, Klean Athlete Collagen + C is a good choice. It contains 15g of hydrolyzed collagen and 56% of your daily vitamin C needs. The berry flavor comes from pomegranate juice, blackberry juice, beet powder, and natural flavors. It is sweetened with monk fruit extract, which is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the FDA, though some people don’t love the flavor of this alternative sweetener.
Klean Athlete Collagen + C can be added to water or smoothies for both a flavor and protein boost. It’s gluten-free and non-GMO.
Dose: 1 scoop 17g | Servings Per Container: 20 | Active Ingredients: Hydrolyzed collagen | Gluten-free: Yes | Other Ingredients: Natural flavors, organic pomegranate juice, organic blackberry powder, beet juice powder, citric acid, monk fruit extract
Contains five types of collagen
Collagen from grass-fed, wild-caught, cage-free animals
Not suitable for someone with a fish or egg allergy
CB Multi Collagen Protein contains collagen peptides from four different sources: bovine (cow), fish, eggshell, and chicken, which provides collagen types I, II, III, V, and X. With 7g of protein per scoop, it’s a reasonably good source of protein and may offer a wider range of benefits than some other collagen powders with only one or two types of collagen.
It’s NSF Certified for sport, non-GMO, and gluten-free but does contain fish and egg allergens. The recommended dose is one scoop per 50 pounds of body weight (up to 4 scoops per day), which can get expensive and a lot to consume if you’re aiming for three or four scoops per day.
Dose: 2-4 scoops 15.6-31.2g | Servings Per Container: 14-29 | Active Ingredients: Multi Collagen Complex | Gluten-free: Yes | Other Ingredients: None
Contains all nine essential amino acids
Biotin may support nail and hair
No artificial flavors, sweeteners, colors, or preservatives
“Most collagen powders are incomplete proteins—meaning they do not contain all nine essential amino acids that our bodies are unable to produce on their own,” says Amy Gorin, MS, RDN, an inclusive plant-based dietitian and owner of Master the Media. Shaklee Collagen-9 contains both hydrolyzed collagen and pea protein, providing all nine essential amino acids and a complete source of protein. It also contains biotin, which may support hair and nail growth.
Shaklee Collagen is not third-party verified by USP, NSF, or ConsumerLab, but they do their own quality testing, including tests for harmful contaminants. Shaklee is a carbon-neutral company and is invested in the health of both people and the planet.
Dose: 2 scoops 11.6g | Servings Per Container: 20 | Active Ingredients: Hydrolyzed collagen, biotin, vitamin C | Gluten-free: Not certified | Other Ingredients: Pea protein
Collagen peptides is only ingredient
Not suitable for someone with a fish allergy
If you’re pescatarian or prefer to avoid products made from cow, pig, or chicken, Procaps Marine Collagen Peptides may be a good choice for you. Its simple ingredient list (just collagen peptides) is a bonus. It has a neutral taste, so don’t worry—it won’t impart a fish flavor on your morning coffee or smoothie.
Marine Collagen Peptides are ConsumerLab approved, non-GMO, and contain 5g of collagen peptides to support collagen production.
Dose: 1 scoop 5g | Servings Per Container: 30 | Active Ingredients: Marine collagen peptides | Gluten-free: Not specified | Other Ingredients: None
Mixes into cold or hot beverages
Individual packets make it portable
Not a good source of type II collagen for joint health
Gnarly Collagen Pro travel packs are easy to take with you whether you’re traveling, on a long hike, or just regularly on the go. One packet contains 15g of hydrolyzed collagen (14g of protein) along with vitamin C, zinc, and copper to support collagen production. It’s unflavored, so it can be mixed into coffee, smoothies, sports drinks, or any other liquid of choice.
Gnarly Collagen Pro is NSF certified for sport and NSF content certified, meaning it’s been tested for harmful contaminants, microbes, and pesticides, as well as any ingredients banned by sport.
Dose: 1 packet 15g | Servings Per Container: 1 | Active Ingredients: Hydrolyzed collagen, zinc, vitamin C, sodium, copper | Gluten-free: Not specified | Other Ingredients: None
You can't go wrong with Vital Proteins' Original Collagen Peptides. The best-selling powder offers 20 grams of protein per serving and is unflavored, making it the perfect addition to any food or beverage.
Our team works hard to be transparent about why we recommend certain supplements; you can read more about our dietary supplement methodology here.
We support supplements that are evidence-based and rooted in science. We value certain product attributes that we find to be associated with the highest quality products. We prioritize products that are third-party tested and certified by one of three independent, third-party certifiers: USP, NSF, or ConsumerLab.
It's important to note that the FDA does not review dietary supplements for safety and effectiveness before they go to market. Our team of experts has created a detailed, science-backed methodology to choose the supplements we recommend.
Supplements that are third-party tested are sent to a lab where they are tested to ensure they contain what they say they contain and are not contaminated with specific high-risk, common contaminants. However, it’s important to note:
Collagen powders are typically derived from bovine (cow), porcine (pig), eggshell, and marine (fish) sources and usually provide types I, II, and III collagen. Types I and III are used to support skin, hair, and nail health, whereas type II is used for joint health and bone density. Some powders also contain type V and X collagen, though those are less common.
There are three types of collagen that might be used in collagen supplements: collagen peptides, gelatin, and raw or undenatured collagen. However, all powder supplements we came across contain collagen peptides, also known as hydrolyzed collagen. This is collagen that is broken down into smaller units (peptides) and is said to be more absorbable than raw collagen, though research to support this is limited.
It is essential to carefully read the ingredient list and nutrition facts panel of a supplement to know which ingredients and how much of each ingredient is included relative to the recommended daily value of that ingredient. Please bring the supplement label to a healthcare provider to review the different ingredients contained in the supplement and any potential interactions between these ingredients and other supplements and medications you are taking.
Other ingredients that you may want to be aware of include added sugar and alternative sweeteners. While they are generally safe, some people prefer to avoid them, so it’s important to read ingredient labels.
Since collagen does not need to be consumed orally, there is no established dose. The amount of collagen powder that is recommended varies by type and use. Most studies use between 5 to 15 grams of collagen peptides or hydrolyzed collagen. However, lower doses (2.5g) of specific collagen peptides VERISOL has been shown to potentially offer some skin benefits.
Collagen powders are generally well tolerated by most people, and there is no specific upper limit defined since protein needs vary by person. It can contribute a good source of protein to your diet for people that otherwise don’t get enough. However, it shouldn’t be the only source of protein since it’s not a complete protein, and it’s best to get your protein from a variety of food sources. Research has shown that up to 36 percent of your protein intake can come from collagen peptides without sacrificing overall diet needs for a mix of amino acids, so it’s best not to exceed that amount.
It is safe to mix collagen and other protein powders together. “It may even be beneficial as you are providing your body with a more diverse range of amino acids. However, you want to be mindful about the total protein load,” says Adams. It’s best to get protein from a variety of food sources and use powders as a way to supplement your diet to meet your total needs.
There are currently no studies to suggest that collagen powder causes constipation. “Collagen powders contain ample protein. If you’re increasing your protein intake but not choosing to do so in a way that also increases your fiber intake, then this could indirectly cause constipation as you need fiber to help move food through your body,” says Gorin.
Collagen powders made from collagen peptides can be mixed into hot or cold beverages. Unflavored powders are best mixed into something that adds flavor, such as a smoothie, oatmeal, or yogurt. Some people like to mix collagen into their coffee for a protein boost in the morning. Flavored options can be mixed with water or any other liquid of choice. Partially hydrolyzed collagen doesn’t mix well with cold liquids, so should only be mixed into warm beverages or foods like tea, coffee, or broth.
For warm beverages, collagen can easily be stirred in with a spoon. Cold beverages may blend better in a blender, with a protein powder shaker, or whisk.
Sarah Anzlovar, MS, RDN, LDN, is a registered dietitian with her master's degree in nutrition communication from the Tufts Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy. She owns a private practice in the suburbs of Boston, where she helps her clients ditch diets and learn to eat foods that help them feel their best and achieve optimal health. Sarah is also a freelance writer, where she lends her expertise in translating the research on a wide variety of nutrition topics into relatable and approachable recommendations for consumers.
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